/
Home
/
World Senior 65+ 2017
World Senior 65+ 2017
Nov 7, 2017 – Nov 18, 2017
·
Acqui Terme ITA
131
Games
66
Players
2307
Avg Rating
Games
R1.1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
1-0
Anguera Maestro, Jaime
(1998)
D31
Semi-Slav Defense: Gunderam Gambit
→
R1.10
Goli, Daniele
(1970)
0-1
IM
Bogdanov, Valentin
(2381)
D77
Neo-Grünfeld Defense: Classical Variation
→
R1.11
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
1-0
Bondar, Leonid
(1966)
A07
King's Indian Attack
→
R1.12
Muratoglu, Salih
(1954)
0-1
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
E11
Bogo-Indian Defense
→
R1.2
Ilyes, Peter
(1997)
0-1
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
D00
Amazon Attack
→
R1.3
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
1-0
Wieringa, Helmer
(1997)
A48
London System
→
R1.4
CM
Harding, Tim D
(1994)
0-1
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
C02
French Defense: Advance Variation
→
R1.5
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
1-0
Rupel, David
(1985)
B12
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R1.6
FM
Cirabisi, F
(1983)
0-1
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
B07
Pirc Defense
→
R1.7
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
1-0
Henrichsen, Erland
(1983)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R1.8
Andreas, Guenter
(1980)
0-1
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
A10
English Opening
→
R1.9
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
1-0
FM
Kock, Hans-Uwe
(1971)
B15
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R2.1
FM
Furman, Boris
(2174)
½-½
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
A58
Benko Gambit: Nd2 Variation
→
R2.10
IM
Bogdanov, Valentin
(2381)
½-½
Kjolberg, Lars
(2138)
E60
Queen's Pawn, Mengarini Attack
→
R2.11
FM
Hohler, Peter
(2127)
0-1
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
E80
King's Indian Defense: Sämisch Variation
→
R2.12
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
½-½
Yakimenko, Alexander A.
(2115)
A04
Zukertort Opening
→
R2.2
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
1-0
Gal, Moshe
(2169)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R2.3
FM
Valenti, Giuseppe
(2161)
0-1
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
B00
Pirc Defense
→
R2.4
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
0-1
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
A11
Réti Opening: Anglo-Slav Variation, with g3
→
R2.5
Godani, T
(2151)
0-1
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
B68
Sicilian Defense: Richter-Rauzer Variation, Neo-Modern Variation
→
R2.6
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
1-0
FM
Titz, Heimo
(2144)
B20
Sicilian Defense
→
R2.7
FM
Hammar, Bengt
(2142)
0-1
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
B83
Sicilian Defense: Scheveningen Variation, Modern Variation
→
R2.8
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
½-½
FM
Vinke, Dietmar
(2141)
B12
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R2.9
Melnik, Viktor
(2140)
½-½
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
B36
Sicilian Defense: Accelerated Dragon, Maróczy Bind
→
R3.1
Goldsmith, Alan D
(2227)
0-1
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
B20
Sicilian Defense
→
R3.10
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
1-0
Svensson, Soren
(2009)
D48
Semi-Slav Defense: Meran Variation
→
R3.11
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
0-1
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
A04
Zukertort Opening
→
R3.12
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
1-0
FM
Singer, Hans
(2174)
D35
Queen's Gambit Declined: Normal Defense
→
R3.2
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
0-1
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
A43
Benoni Defense: Woozle
→
R3.3
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
½-½
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
B11
Caro-Kann Defense: Two Knights Attack, Mindeno Variation
→
R3.4
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
0-1
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
C70
Ruy Lopez: Morphy Defense
→
R3.5
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
1-0
FM
Harestad, Thor Geir
(2205)
B40
Sicilian Defense: Pin Variation
→
R3.6
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
1-0
Hartung-Nielsen, Jens
(2204)
E35
Nimzo-Indian Defense: Classical Variation, Noa Variation
→
R3.7
IM
Renman, Nils-Gustaf
(2368)
1-0
FM
Haubt, Georg
(2195)
D02
Queen's Pawn Game: Anti-Torre
→
R3.8
IM
Trois, Francisco R.T.
(2184)
0-1
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
A07
King's Indian Attack
→
R3.9
IM
Piasetski, Leon
(2269)
0-1
Privara, Igor
(2184)
A07
King's Indian Attack
→
R4.1
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
0-1
IM
Renman, Nils-Gustaf
(2368)
C02
French Defense: Advance Variation
→
R4.10
FM
Malmdin, Nils-Ake
(2223)
0-1
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
B48
Sicilian Defense: Taimanov Variation, Bastrikov Variation, English Attack
→
R4.11
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
½-½
Yakimenko, Alexander A.
(2115)
C41
Philidor Defense
→
R4.12
FM
Gruzmann, Boris
(2218)
½-½
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
C82
Ruy Lopez: Open
→
R4.3
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
½-½
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
B83
Sicilian Defense: Scheveningen Variation, Modern Variation
→
R4.4
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
½-½
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
B23
Sicilian Defense: Closed
→
R4.5
Privara, Igor
(2184)
0-1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
C02
French Defense: Advance Variation
→
R4.6
IM
Stepovoj, Vladimir
(2265)
½-½
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
C02
French Defense: Advance Variation
→
R4.7
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
0-1
IM
Barle, Janez
(2261)
A02
Bird Opening
→
R4.8
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
½-½
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
B14
Caro-Kann Defense: Panov Attack
→
R4.9
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
½-½
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
A45
Canard Opening
→
R5.1
IM
Renman, Nils-Gustaf
(2368)
0-1
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
A41
Wade Defense
→
R5.10
IM
Trois, Francisco R.T.
(2184)
½-½
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
A04
Zukertort Opening
→
R5.11
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
1-0
Sprotte, Norbert
(2186)
A57
Benko Gambit
→
R5.12
FM
Boehnisch, Manfred
(2285)
½-½
Privara, Igor
(2184)
E10
Blumenfeld Countergambit
→
R5.2
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
½-½
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
A57
Benko Gambit
→
R5.3
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
1-0
IM
Barle, Janez
(2261)
B01
Scandinavian Defense
→
R5.4
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
0-1
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
A05
Zukertort Opening
→
R5.5
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
½-½
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
A43
Benoni Defense: Woozle
→
R5.6
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
1-0
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R5.7
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
1-0
FM
Gruzmann, Boris
(2218)
A49
Indian Defense: Przepiorka Variation
→
R5.8
IM
Hardicsay, Peter
(2213)
0-1
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
B52
Sicilian Defense: Moscow Variation, Main Line
→
R5.9
FM
Haubt, Georg
(2195)
0-1
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
A45
Canard Opening
→
R6.1
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
½-½
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R6.10
Privara, Igor
(2184)
0-1
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R6.11
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
1-0
IM
Sorensen, Bent
(2216)
C16
French Defense: Winawer Variation, Advance Variation
→
R6.12
FM
Stebbings, Anthony J
(2301)
0-1
IM
Trois, Francisco R.T.
(2184)
B13
Caro-Kann Defense: Panov Attack
→
R6.2
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
0-1
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
D02
Queen's Pawn Game: Anti-Torre
→
R6.3
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
0-1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
D02
Queen's Pawn Game: Anti-Torre
→
R6.4
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
½-½
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R6.5
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
0-1
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
A15
English Orangutan
→
R6.6
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
1-0
IM
Renman, Nils-Gustaf
(2368)
C07
French Defense: Tarrasch Variation, Open System
→
R6.7
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
½-½
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
C00
French Defense
→
R6.8
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
1-0
Hjertenes, Oystein
(2007)
A42
Pterodactyl Defense
→
R6.9
Kierzek, Matthias, Dr.
(2252)
0-1
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
E11
Bogo-Indian Defense
→
R7.1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
½-½
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
D90
Grünfeld Defense: Flohr Variation
→
R7.10
FM
Gruzmann, Boris
(2218)
0-1
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
B33
Sicilian Defense: Open
→
R7.11
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
1-0
FM
Harestad, Thor Geir
(2205)
A30
English Opening: Wing Gambit
→
R7.12
IM
Trois, Francisco R.T.
(2184)
0-1
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
A04
Zukertort Opening
→
R7.2
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
½-½
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
B15
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R7.3
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
½-½
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
D94
Grünfeld Defense: Flohr Defense
→
R7.4
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
1-0
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
A45
Canard Opening
→
R7.5
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
½-½
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
C42
Petrov's Defense
→
R7.6
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
0-1
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R7.7
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
1-0
IM
Barle, Janez
(2261)
D31
Semi-Slav Defense: Gunderam Gambit
→
R7.8
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
½-½
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
B34
Sicilian Defense: Accelerated Dragon, Modern Variation
→
R7.9
IM
Bogdanov, Valentin
(2381)
0-1
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
D15
Slav Defense: Geller Gambit
→
R8.1
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
½-½
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
C09
French Defense: Tarrasch Variation, Open System, Main Line
→
R8.10
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
1-0
FM
Boehnisch, Manfred
(2285)
A09
Réti Opening
→
R8.11
Hartung-Nielsen, Jens
(2204)
0-1
IM
Pritchett, Craig W
(2280)
B21
Sicilian Defense: Halasz Gambit
→
R8.12
FM
Stebbings, Anthony J
(2301)
0-1
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
B63
Sicilian Defense: Richter-Rauzer Variation, Ivanov Variation
→
R8.2
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
1-0
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
B56
Sicilian Defense: Venice Attack
→
R8.3
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
0-1
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
A00
Amar Opening
→
R8.4
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
1-0
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R8.5
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
1-0
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
A05
Zukertort Opening
→
R8.6
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
1-0
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
C14
French Defense: Classical Variation
→
R8.7
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
½-½
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
C95
Ruy Lopez: Closed, Breyer
→
R8.8
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
½-½
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R8.9
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
½-½
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
E62
King's Indian Defense: Fianchetto Variation, Larsen Defense
→
R9.1
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
0-1
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
A37
English Opening: Symmetrical Variation, Botvinnik System Reversed, with Nf3
→
R9.10
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
1-0
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
D00
Amazon Attack
→
R9.11
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
0-1
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
C77
Ruy Lopez: Morphy Defense, Jaffe Gambit
→
R9.12
IM
Pritchett, Craig W
(2280)
½-½
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
B06
Modern Defense
→
R9.2
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
½-½
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
B70
Sicilian Defense: Dragon Variation
→
R9.3
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
½-½
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
D05
Rubinstein Opening
→
R9.4
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
½-½
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
B76
Sicilian Defense: Dragon Variation, Yugoslav Attack
→
R9.5
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
1-0
IM
Barle, Janez
(2261)
D00
Amazon Attack
→
R9.6
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
½-½
Kierzek, Matthias, Dr.
(2252)
B12
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R9.7
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
0-1
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
A15
English Orangutan
→
R9.8
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
0-1
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
D17
Slav Defense: Czech Variation
→
R9.9
IM
Hardicsay, Peter
(2213)
½-½
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
A14
Réti Opening: Anglo-Slav Variation
→
R10.1
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
0-1
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R10.10
Kierzek, Matthias, Dr.
(2252)
1-0
IM
Pritchett, Craig W
(2280)
E11
Bogo-Indian Defense
→
R10.11
Hartung-Nielsen, Jens
(2204)
1-0
IM
Piasetski, Leon
(2269)
B21
Sicilian Defense: Halasz Gambit
→
R10.12
IM
Stepovoj, Vladimir
(2265)
1-0
IM
Hardicsay, Peter
(2213)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R10.2
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
0-1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R10.3
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
½-½
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
B10
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R10.4
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
0-1
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
C80
Ruy Lopez: Open
→
R10.5
Privara, Igor
(2184)
½-½
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
C02
French Defense: Advance Variation
→
R10.6
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
0-1
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
B21
Sicilian Defense: Halasz Gambit
→
R10.7
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
½-½
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
B30
Sicilian Defense: Old Sicilian
→
R10.8
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
½-½
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
C24
Bishop's Opening: Vienna Hybrid
→
R10.9
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
1-0
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
A15
English Orangutan
→
R11.1
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
½-½
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
A40
Zaire Defense
→
R11.10
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
½-½
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
A09
Réti Opening
→
R11.11
Yakimenko, Alexander A.
(2115)
1-0
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
A43
Benoni Defense: Woozle
→
R11.12
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
1-0
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
B10
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R11.2
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
1-0
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
B13
Caro-Kann Defense: Panov Attack
→
R11.3
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
½-½
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
B81
Sicilian Defense: Scheveningen Variation, Keres Attack
→
R11.4
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
1-0
Kierzek, Matthias, Dr.
(2252)
B12
Caro-Kann Defense
→
R11.5
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
0-1
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
A45
Canard Opening
→
R11.6
IM
Stepovoj, Vladimir
(2265)
0-1
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
A43
Benoni Defense: Woozle
→
R11.7
Hartung-Nielsen, Jens
(2204)
0-1
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
B21
Sicilian Defense: Halasz Gambit
→
R11.8
Privara, Igor
(2184)
0-1
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
B22
Sicilian Defense: Alapin Variation
→
R11.9
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
1-0
FM
Singer, Hans
(2174)
A37
English Opening: Symmetrical Variation, Botvinnik System Reversed, with Nf3
→
Players
🇫🇷
GM
Vaisser, Anatoli
(2503)
GM
Sveshnikov, E
(2480)
🇵🇭
GM
Torre, Eugenio
(2465)
🇺🇸
GM
Tarjan, James
(2449)
🇷🇺
GM
Balashov, Yuri S
(2437)
🇫🇷
GM
Okhotnik, Vladimir
(2434)
🇨🇿
GM
Jansa, Vlastimil
(2425)
GM
Vasiukov, E
(2404)
🇩🇪
GM
Vogt, Lothar
(2398)
🇺🇦
IM
Bogdanov, Valentin
(2381)
🇭🇷
GM
Komljenovic, Davorin
(2379)
🇷🇺
IM
Lisenko, Alexander V
(2372)
🇸🇪
IM
Renman, Nils-Gustaf
(2368)
🇧🇪
IM
Rooze, Jan
(2314)
🇷🇺
GM
Pushkov, Nikolai
(2304)
🇬🇧
FM
Stebbings, Anthony J
(2301)
🇬🇧
IM
Povah, Nigel E
(2295)
🇩🇪
FM
Boehnisch, Manfred
(2285)
🇧🇷
IM
Van Riemsdijk, Herman C.
(2284)
🇮🇱
IM
Shevelev, Arkady
(2280)
🇬🇧
IM
Pritchett, Craig W
(2280)
🇨🇦
IM
Piasetski, Leon
(2269)
🇷🇺
IM
Stepovoj, Vladimir
(2265)
🇸🇮
IM
Barle, Janez
(2261)
🇩🇪
Kierzek, Matthias, Dr.
(2252)
🇮🇱
FM
Gutkin, Boris
(2250)
🇮🇱
Malisov, Boris
(2240)
🇩🇪
FM
Hess, Christian
(2236)
🇩🇪
FM
Frick, Christoph
(2230)
🇦🇺
Goldsmith, Alan D
(2227)
🇸🇪
FM
Malmdin, Nils-Ake
(2223)
🇰🇿
Primbetov, Marat
(2222)
🇩🇪
FM
Gruzmann, Boris
(2218)
🇩🇰
IM
Sorensen, Bent
(2216)
🇭🇺
IM
Hardicsay, Peter
(2213)
🇳🇴
FM
Harestad, Thor Geir
(2205)
🇩🇰
Hartung-Nielsen, Jens
(2204)
🇩🇪
FM
Haubt, Georg
(2195)
🇩🇪
Sprotte, Norbert
(2186)
🇧🇷
IM
Trois, Francisco R.T.
(2184)
🇸🇰
Privara, Igor
(2184)
FM
Furman, Boris
(2174)
🇦🇹
FM
Singer, Hans
(2174)
🇮🇱
Gal, Moshe
(2169)
🇮🇹
FM
Valenti, Giuseppe
(2161)
🇩🇪
Beltz, Robert
(2158)
🇦🇹
FM
Titz, Heimo
(2144)
🇸🇪
FM
Hammar, Bengt
(2142)
🇫🇮
FM
Vinke, Dietmar
(2141)
🇷🇺
Melnik, Viktor
(2140)
🇳🇴
Kjolberg, Lars
(2138)
🇨🇭
FM
Hohler, Peter
(2127)
Yakimenko, Alexander A.
(2115)
Svensson, Soren
(2009)
🇳🇴
Hjertenes, Oystein
(2007)
🇪🇸
Anguera Maestro, Jaime
(1998)
🇳🇴
Ilyes, Peter
(1997)
🇳🇱
Wieringa, Helmer
(1997)
🇮🇪
CM
Harding, Tim D
(1994)
🇺🇸
Rupel, David
(1985)
🇳🇴
Henrichsen, Erland
(1983)
🇩🇪
Andreas, Guenter
(1980)
🇱🇮
FM
Kock, Hans-Uwe
(1971)
🇮🇹
Goli, Daniele
(1970)
🇺🇸
Bondar, Leonid
(1966)
🇹🇷
Muratoglu, Salih
(1954)